Vinaya Pitaka - Monastic Rules
Bhikkhu Vibhanga - Nissaggiya Pācittiya 1: Not to keep an extra robe more than ten days at a time.
- Translated from the Pali by Brahmali Bhikkhu..
1. Vin.3.195, BD.2.1, MS.1861Venerables, these thirty rules entailing relinquishment and confession come up for recitation.
Origin story
First sub-story
2At one time the Buddha, the Master, was staying at Vesālī at the Gotamaka Shrine. At that time the Master had allowed the three robes to the monks. Being aware of this, some monks belonging to the group of six entered the village with one set of three robes, remained in the forest with another set, and went to bathe with yet another set. The monk of few desires … complained and criticised them: "How can these monks keep extra robes?"
3After rebuking those monks in many ways they informed the Master. … "Is it true, monks, that you keep extra robes?"
"Itʼs true, Master."
The Buddha, the Master, rebuked them: " … Foolish men, how can you keep extra robes? This will not give rise to confidence in those without it … And, monks, this training rule should be recited thus:
Preliminary ruling
4"If a monk keeps an extra robe, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession."
5In this way the Master laid down this training rule for the monks.
Second sub-story
6Soon afterwards a robe was offered to Venerable Ānanda, but he wished to give it to Venerable Sāriputta who was staying at Saketa. Knowing that the Buddha had laid down a rule against keeping an extra robe, Venerable Ānanda thought, "What should I do in this situation?" He informed the Master, who said: "How long is it, Ānanda, before Sāriputta returns?"
"Nine or ten days, Master."
The Master then spoke on the Dhamma and addressed the monks: "Monks, I allow you to keep an extra robe for ten days at the most. And so, monks, this training rule should be recited thus:
Final ruling
7"When his robe is finished and the kathina period has ended, a monk should keep an extra robe for ten days at the most. If he keeps it beyond that, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession."
Definitions
8When his robe is finished: the monk has made a robe, or it has been lost, destroyed, or burnt, or he abandons his expectation of receiving robe cloth.This refers to the kathina season robe. For details see Khandaka 7">.
9The kathina period has ended: it has ended according to one of the eight headings or it is ended by the Sangha, whichever comes first.For an explanation of this see Khandaka 7">.
10Ten days at the most: it is to be kept at most ten days.
11An extra robe: a robe that is not determined, nor placed under shared ownership.
12Robe: one of the six kinds of robes,For the six kinds, see Khandaka 8.3.1">. but not smaller than what can be placed under shared ownership.This means not smaller than 16 by 8 cm; see Kkh 94,4.
13If he keeps it beyond that, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment:
He commits the offence entailing relinquishment on the dawn of the eleventh day.According to the commentary this means the tenth dawn after one receives the robe, see Sp 3.639.27. The robe is to be relinquished to a Sangha, a group, or an individual.
"And, monks, it is to be relinquished in this way. After approaching the Sangha, that monk should put his upper robe over one shoulder and pay homage at the feet of the senior monks. He should then squat on his haunches, put the palms of his hands together, and say: ʻBhante, this robe of mine has been kept over ten days and is to be relinquished. I relinquish it to the Sangha.ʼ After relinquishing it, he is to confess the offence. The confession should be received by an experienced and competent monk. The relinquished robe is then to be given back:
14"ʻBhante, let the Sangha listen to me. This robe belonging to monk so-and-so, which was to be relinquished, has been relinquished to the Sangha. If it seems appropriate to the Sangha, the Sangha should give this robe back to monk so-and-so.ʼ
15"After approaching several monks, that monk should put his upper robe over one shoulder and pay homage at the feet of the senior monks. He should then squat on his haunches, put the palms of his hands together, and say: ʻBhante, this robe of mine has been kept over ten days and is to be relinquished. I relinquish it to the Venerables.ʼ After relinquishing it, he is to confess the offence. The confession should be received by an experienced and competent monk. The relinquished robe is then to be given back:
16"ʻLet the Venerables listen to me. This robe belonging to monk so-and-so, which was to be relinquished, has been relinquished to the Venerables. If it seems appropriate to the Venerables, the Venerables should give this robe back to monk so-and-so.ʼ
17"After approaching a single monk, that monk should put his upper robe over one shoulder, squat on his haunches, put the palms of his hands together, and say: ʻThis robe of mine has been kept over ten days and is to be relinquished. I relinquish it to the Venerable One.ʼ After relinquishing it, he is to confess the offence. The confession should be received by that monk. The relinquished robe is then to be given back: ʻI give this robe back to the Venerable.ʼ"
Permutations
18If it is more than ten days and he perceives it as more than ten days, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession. If it is more than ten days, but he has doubts about it, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession. If it is more than ten days, but he perceives it as less than ten days, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession.
If it is undetermined, but he perceives it as determined, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession. If it is not placed under shared ownership, but he perceives it as placed under shared ownership, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession. If it is not given away, but he perceives it as given away, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession. If it is not lost, but he perceives it as lost, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession. If it is not destroyed, but he perceives it as destroyed, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession. If it is not burnt, but he perceives it as burnt, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession. If it is not stolen, but he perceives it as stolen, he commits an offence entailing relinquishment and confession.
19If he uses a robe which is to be relinquished without first relinquishing it, he commits an offence of bad conduct. If it is less than ten days, but he perceives it as more than ten days, he commits an offence of bad conduct. If it is less than ten days, but he has doubts about it, he commits an offence of bad conduct. If it is less than ten days and he perceives it as less than ten days, there is no offence.
Non-offences
20There is no offence: if within ten days it is determined, placed under shared ownership, given away, lost, destroyed, burnt, stolen, or taken on trust; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.
21At that time some monks belonging to the group six did not give back a relinquished robe. They informed the Master. "Monks, a relinquished robe is not not to be given back. If one does not give it back, there is an offence of bad conduct."
22The first rule, the training rule on the kathina period, is finished.
1
ime kho panāyasmanto tiṃsa nissaggiyā pācittiyā
dhammā uddesaṃ āgacchanti.
2 tena samayena buddho bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati gotamake cetiye. tena kho pana samayena bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṃ ticīvaraṃ anuññātaṃ hoti. chabbaggiyā bhikkhū— "bhagavatā ticīvaraṃ anuññātan"ti aññeneva ticīvarena gāmaṃ pavisanti, aññena ticīvarena ārāme acchanti, aññena ticīvarena nahānaṃ otaranti. ye te bhikkhū appicchā … pe … te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— "kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atirekacīvaraṃ dhāressantī"ti.
3 atha kho te bhikkhū chabbaggiye bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ … pe … "saccaṃ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, atirekacīvaraṃ dhārethā"ti? "saccaṃ, bhagavā"ti. vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe … kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, atirekacīvaraṃ dhāressatha. netaṃ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddiseyyātha—
4 "yo pana bhikkhu atirekacīvaraṃ dhāreyya, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyan"ti.
5 evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti.
6 tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa atirekacīvaraṃ uppannaṃ hoti. āyasmā ca ānando taṃ cīvaraṃ āyasmato sāriputtassa dātukāmo hoti. āyasmā ca sāriputto sākete viharati. atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi— "bhagavatā sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ— ‘na atirekacīvaraṃ dhāretabban’ti. idañca me atirekacīvaraṃ uppannaṃ. ahañcimaṃ cīvaraṃ āyasmato sāriputtassa dātukāmo. āyasmā ca sāriputto sākete viharati. kathaṃ nu kho mayā paṭipajjitabban"ti? atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. "kīvaciraṃ panānanda, sāriputto āgacchissatī"ti? "navamaṃ vā, bhagavā, divasaṃ dasamaṃ vā"ti. atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— "anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dasāhaparamaṃ atirekacīvaraṃ dhāretuṃ. evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddiseyyātha—
7 "niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṃ bhikkhunā ubbhatasmiṃ kathine dasāhaparamaṃ atirekacīvaraṃ dhāretabbaṃ. taṃ atikkāmayato nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyan"ti. (1:20)
8 niṭṭhitacīvarasminti bhikkhuno cīvaraṃ kataṃ vā hoti naṭṭhaṃ vā vinaṭṭhaṃ vā daḍḍhaṃ vā cīvarāsā vā upacchinnā.
9 ubbhatasmiṃ kathineti aṭṭhannaṃ mātikānaṃ aññatarāya mātikāya ubbhataṃ hoti, saṇghena vā antarā ubbhataṃ hoti.
10 dasāhaparamanti dasāhaparamatā dhāretabbaṃ.
11 atirekacīvaraṃ nāma anadhiṭṭhitaṃ avikappitaṃ.
12 cīvaraṃ nāma channaṃ cīvarānaṃ aññataraṃ cīvaraṃ, vikappanupagaṃ pacchimaṃ.
13 taṃ atikkāmayato nissaggiyaṃ hotīti ekādase aruṇuggamane nissaggiyaṃ hoti. nissajjitabbaṃ sanghassa vā gaṇassa vā puggalassa vā. evañca pana, bhikkhave, nissajjitabbaṃ. tena bhikkhunā saṇghaṃ upasankamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsangaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo— "idaṃ me, bhante, cīvaraṃ dasāhātikkantaṃ nissaggiyaṃ, imāhaṃ sanghassa nissajjāmī"ti. nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā. byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena āpatti paṭiggahetabbā. nissaṭṭhacīvaraṃ dātabbaṃ—
14 "suṇātu me, bhante, sangho. idaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno nissaggiyaṃ sanghassa nissaṭṭhaṃ. yadi sanghassa pattakallaṃ, sangho imaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dadeyyā"ti.
15 tena bhikkhunā sambahule bhikkhū upasankamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsangaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassu vacanīyā— "idaṃ me, bhante, cīvaraṃ dasāhātikkantaṃ nissaggiyaṃ. imāhaṃ āyasmantānaṃ nissajjāmī"ti. nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā. byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena āpatti paṭiggahetabbā. nissaṭṭhacīvaraṃ dātabbaṃ—
16 "suṇantu me āyasmantā. idaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno nissaggiyaṃ āyasmantānaṃ nissaṭṭhaṃ. yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, āyasmantā imaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dadeyyun"ti.
17 tena bhikkhunā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ upasankamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsangaṃ karitvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo— "idaṃ me, āvuso, cīvaraṃ dasāhātikkantaṃ nissaggiyaṃ. imāhaṃ āyasmato nissajjāmī"ti. nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā. tena bhikkhunā āpatti paṭiggahetabbā. nissaṭṭhacīvaraṃ dātabbaṃ— "imaṃ cīvaraṃ āyasmato dammī"ti.
18 dasāhātikkante atikkantasaññī, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. dasāhātikkante vematiko, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. dasāhātikkante anatikkantasaññī, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. anadhiṭṭhite adhiṭṭhitasaññī, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. avikappite vikappitasaññī, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. avissajjite vissajjitasaññī, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. anaṭṭhe naṭṭhasaññī, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. avinaṭṭhe vinaṭṭhasaññī, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. adaḍḍhe daḍḍhasaññī, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. avilutte viluttasaññī, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
19 nissaggiyaṃ cīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. dasāhānatikkante atikkantasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. dasāhānatikkante vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. dasāhānatikkante anatikkantasaññī, anāpatti.
20 anāpatti— antodasāhaṃ adhiṭṭheti, vikappeti, vissajjeti, nassati, vinassati, ḍayhati, acchinditvā gaṇhanti, vissāsaṃ gaṇhanti, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.
21 tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū nissaṭṭhacīvaraṃ na denti. bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ( ) "na, bhikkhave, nissaṭṭhacīvaraṃ na dātabbaṃ. yo na dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā"ti.