Vinaya Pitaka - Monastic Rules
Bhikkhu Vibhanga - Sanghādisesa 11: Admonishment of Supporters of a Dissenting Bhikkhu
- Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Brahmali.
Origin story
1Bu-Ss.11.1">At one time the Buddha, the Master, was staying at Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the Squirrel Sanctuary. At that time Devadatta was pursuing schism in the Sangha, a break in transmission. The monks were saying, "Devadatta does not speak in accordance with the teaching and the training. How can he pursue schism in the Sangha?"
Then Kokālika, Kaṭamodakatissaka, Khaṇḍadeviyā-putta, and Samuddadatta said to those monks: "Venerables, do not say so. Devadatta does speak in accordance with the teaching and the training. And he speaks with our consent and approval. He knows about us and speaks for us, and we agree to this."
2The monks of few desires … complained and criticised them: "How can these monks support Devadatta’s pursuit of schism in the Sangha?"
They informed the Master … and he questioned them: "Is it true, monks, that some monks support Devadatta’s pursuit of schism in the Sangha?"
"Itʼs true, Master."
The Buddha, the Master, rebuked them: " … Monks, how can these foolish men support Devadatta’s pursuit of schism in the Sangha? This will not give rise to confidence in those without it … And, monks, this training rule should be recited thus:
Final ruling
3"That monk may have one, two, or three monks who agree with him and support him, and they may say, ‘Venerables, do not admonish this monk. He speaks in accordance with the teaching and the training. And he speaks with our consent and approval. He knows about us and speaks for us, and we agree to this.’ The monks should say to those monks: ‘Venerables, do not say so. This monk does not speak in accordance with the teaching and the training. Do not consent to schism in the Sangha. Stay with the Sangha, for a united Sangha—in concord, in harmony, having a joint recitation—lives in comfort.’ If those monks continue as before, they should be admonished up to three times to make them stop. If they stop, good. If not, they incur an offence entailing suspension."
Definitions
4Bu-Ss.11.2">That: that monk who is pursuing a schism in the Sangha.
5May have monks: may have other monks.
6Who agree with him: they have the same view, the same belief, the same persuasion as he does.
7Who support him: they take his side and are part of his group.
8One, two, or three: There is one, or two, or three. They may say, "Venerables, do not admonish this monk. He speaks in accordance with the teaching and the training. And he speaks with our consent and approval. He knows about us and speaks for us, and we agree to this."
9Those monks: those monks who agree with him.
11Other monks, those who see it or hear about it. They should say: "Venerables, do not say so. This monk does not speak in accordance with the teaching and the training. Do not consent to schism in the Sangha. Stay with the Sangha, for a united Sangha—in concord, in harmony, having a joint recitation—lives in comfort." And they should say this a second and a third time. If they stop, good. If they do not stop, they commit an offence of bad conduct. If those who hear about it do not say anything, they commit an offence of bad conduct.
Those monks, even if they have to be dragged into the middle of the Sangha, should be to spoken to thus: "Venerables, do not say so. This monk does not speak in accordance with the teaching and the training. Do not consent to schism in the Sangha. Stay with the Sangha, for a united Sangha—in concord, in harmony, having a joint recitation—lives in comfort." And they should say this a second and a third time. If they stop, good. If they do not stop, they commit an offence of bad conduct.
They should be admonished:
"And, monks, they should be admonished in this way. An experienced and competent monk should inform the Sangha:
12‘Bhante, let the Sangha listen to me. Monks so-and-so and so-and-so agree with and support monk so-and-so who is pursuing schism in the Sangha. They are not stopping that action. If it seems appropriate to the Sangha, the Sangha should admonish them to make them stop. This is the motion.
13‘Bhante, let the Sangha listen to me. Monks so-and-so and so-and-so agree with and support monk so-and-so who is pursuing schism in the Sangha. They are not stopping that action. The Sangha admonishes them to make them stop. Any monk who agrees to admonishing them to make them stop should remain silent. Any monk who does not agree should say so.
14‘For a second time … For a third time I speak on this matter: Bhante, let the Sangha listen to me. Monks so-and-so and so-and-so agree with and support monk so-and-so who is pursuing schism in the Sangha. They are not stopping that action. The Sangha admonishes them to make them stop. Any monk who agrees to admonishing them to make them stop should remain silent. Any monk who does not agree should say so.
15‘These monks have been admonished by the Sangha to make them stop that action. The Sangha approves and is therefore silent. I will remember it thus.’"
16After the motion, they commit an offence of bad conduct. After two proclamations, they commit a serious offence. When the proclamation is finished, they commit an offence entailing suspension. For one who commits the offence entailing suspension, the offence of bad conduct and the serious offence are annulled. Two or three can be admonished together, but not more than that.
17They incur an offence entailing suspension: … This is the name and designation of this class of offence. Therefore, too, it is said that they incur an offence entailing suspension.
Permutations
18Bu-Ss.11.3.1">If it is a legitimate act of the Sangha, and they perceive it as legitimate, but they do not stop, they commit an offence entailing suspension.
19If it is a legitimate act of the Sangha, but they have doubts about it, and they do not stop, they commit an offence entailing suspension.
20If it is a legitimate act of the Sangha, but they perceive it as illegitimate, and they do not stop, they commit an offence entailing suspension.
21If it is an illegitimate act of the Sangha, but they perceive it as legitimate, they commit an offence of bad conduct.
22If it is an illegitimate act of the Sangha, but they have doubts about it, they commit an offence of bad conduct.
23If it is an illegitimate act of the Sangha, and they perceive it as illegitimate, they commit an offence of bad conduct.
Non-offences
24Bu-Ss.11.3.2">There is no offence: if they are not admonished; if they stop; if they are insane; if they are deranged; if they are overwhelmed by pain; if they are the first offenders.
25The eleventh training rule on agreeing to schism is finished.
1 tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. tena kho pana samayena devadatto saṇghabhedāya parakkamati cakkabhedāya. bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu— "adhammavādī devadatto, avinayavādī devadatto. kathañhi nāma devadatto saṇghabhedāya parakkamissati cakkabhedāyā"ti. evaṃ vutte, kokāliko kaṭamodakatissako khaṇḍadeviyā putto samuddadatto te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ— "māyasmanto evaṃ avacuttha. dhammavādī devadatto, vinayavādī devadatto. amhākañca devadatto chandañca ruciñca ādāya voharati jānāti no bhāsati amhākampetaṃ khamatī"ti. ye te bhikkhū appicchā … pe … te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— "kathañhi nāma bhikkhū devadattassa saṇghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā bhavissanti vaggavādakā"ti.
2 atha kho te bhikkhū te anuvattake bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ … pe … "saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū devadattassa saṇghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā honti vaggavādakā"ti? "saccaṃ, bhagavā"ti. vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe … kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā devadattassa saṇghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā bhavissanti vaggavādakā. netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddiseyyātha—
3 "tasseva kho pana bhikkhussa bhikkhū honti anuvattakā vaggavādakā eko vā dve vā tayo vā. te evaṃ vadeyyuṃ— ‘māyasmanto etaṃ bhikkhuṃ kiñci avacuttha. dhammavādī ceso bhikkhu, vinayavādī ceso bhikkhu. amhākañceso bhikkhu chandañca ruciñca ādāya voharati jānāti no bhāsati amhākampetaṃ khamatī’ti, te bhikkhū bhikkhūhi evamassu vacanīyā— ‘māyasmanto evaṃ avacuttha, na ceso bhikkhu dhammavādī, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavādī, māyasmantānampi saṇghabhedo ruccittha, sametāyasmantānaṃ saṇghena, samaggo hi sangho sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsu viharatī’ti. evañca te bhikkhū bhikkhūhi vuccamānā tatheva paggaṇheyyuṃ, te bhikkhū bhikkhūhi yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsitabbā tassa paṭinissaggāya. yāvatatiyañce samanubhāsiyamānā taṃ paṭinissajjeyyuṃ, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ, no ce paṭinissajjeyyuṃ, sanghādiseso"ti. (11:15)
4 tasseva kho panāti tassa saṇghabhedakassa bhikkhuno.
5 bhikkhū hontīti aññe bhikkhū honti.
6 anuvattakāti yaṃdiṭṭhiko so hoti yaṃkhantiko yaṃruciko tepi taṃdiṭṭhikā honti taṃkhantikā taṃrucikā.
7 vaggavādakāti tassa vaṇṇāya pakkhāya ṭhitā honti.
8 eko vā dve vā tayo vāti eko vā hoti dve vā tayo vā. te evaṃ vadeyyuṃ— "māyasmanto etaṃ bhikkhuṃ kiñci avacuttha, dhammavādī ceso bhikkhu, vinayavādī ceso bhikkhu, amhākañceso bhikkhu chandañca ruciñca ādāya voharati jānāti no bhāsati amhākampetaṃ khamatī"ti.
9 te bhikkhūti ye te anuvattakā bhikkhū.
10 bhikkhūhīti aññehi bhikkhūhi.
11 ye passanti ye suṇanti tehi vattabbā— "māyasmanto evaṃ avacuttha. na ceso bhikkhu dhammavādī, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavādī. māyasmantānampi saṇghabhedo ruccittha. sametāyasmantānaṃ saṇghena. samaggo hi sangho sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsu viharatī"ti. dutiyampi vattabbā. tatiyampi vattabbā. sace paṭinissajjanti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. te bhikkhū saṇghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā— "māyasmanto evaṃ avacuttha. na ceso bhikkhu dhammavādī, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavādī. māyasmantānampi saṇghabhedo ruccittha. sametāyasmantānaṃ saṇghena. samaggo hi sangho sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsu viharatī"ti. dutiyampi vattabbā. tatiyampi vattabbā. sace paṭinissajjanti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. te bhikkhū samanubhāsitabbā. "evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā. byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena sangho ñāpetabbo—
12 ‘suṇātu me, bhante, sangho. itthannāmo ca itthanāmo ca bhikkhū itthannāmassa bhikkhuno saṇghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā vaggavādakā. te taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjanti. yadi sanghassa pattakallaṃ, sangho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhū samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. esā ñatti.
13 suṇātu me, bhante, sangho. itthannāmo ca itthannāmo ca bhikkhū itthannāmassa bhikkhuno saṇghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā vaggavādakā. te taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjanti. sangho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhū samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa ca itthannāmassa ca bhikkhūnaṃ samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
14 dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi … pe … tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi— suṇātu me, bhante, sangho. itthannāmo ca itthannāmo ca bhikkhū itthannāmassa bhikkhuno saṇghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā vaggavādakā. te taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjanti. sangho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhū samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa ca itthannāmassa ca bhikkhūnaṃ samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
15 samanubhaṭṭhā saṇghena itthannāmo ca itthannāmo ca bhikkhū tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. khamati sanghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’"ti.
16 ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā, kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti sanghādisesassa. sanghādisesaṃ ajjhāpajjantānaṃ ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippassambhanti. dve tayo ekato samanubhāsitabbā, taduttari na samanubhāsitabbā.
17 sanghādisesoti … pe … tenapi vuccati "sanghādiseso"ti.
18 dhammakamme dhammakammasaññī na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti sanghādisesassa.
19 dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti sanghādisesassa.
20 dhammakamme adhammakammasaññī na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti sanghādisesassa.
21 adhammakamme dhammakammasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
22 adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
23 adhammakamme adhammakammasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
24 anāpatti— asamanubhāsantānaṃ, paṭinissajjantānaṃ, ummattakānaṃ, khittacittānaṃ, vedanāṭṭānaṃ, ādikammikānanti.