Saṃyutta Nikāya - The Connected Discourses
Connected Discourses on Causation: SN12:23 Proximate Cause
1 Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. "Jānato ahaṃ, bhikkhave, passato āsavānaṃ khayaṃ vadāmi, no ajānato no apassato. Kiñca, bhikkhave, jānato kiṃ passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti? Iti rūpaṃ iti rūpassa samudayo iti rūpassa atthangamo, iti vedanā … pe … iti saññā … iti sankhārā … iti viññāṇaṃ iti viññāṇassa samudayo iti viññāṇassa atthangamoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.
2 Yampissa taṃ, bhikkhave, khayasmiṃ khayeñāṇaṃ, tampi saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, khayeñāṇassa upanisā? ‘Vimuttī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Vimuttimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, vimuttiyā upanisā? ‘Virāgo’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Virāgampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, virāgassa upanisā? ‘Nibbidā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Nibbidampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, nibbidāya upanisā? ‘Yathābhūtañāṇadassanan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Yathābhūtañāṇadassanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, yathābhūtañāṇadassanassa upanisā? ‘Samādhī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Samādhimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ.
3 Kā ca, bhikkhave, samādhissa upanisā? ‘Sukhan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Sukhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, sukhassa upanisā? ‘Passaddhī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Passaddhimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, passaddhiyā upanisā? ‘Pītī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Pītimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, pītiyā upanisā? ‘Pāmojjan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Pāmojjampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, pāmojjassa upanisā? ‘Saddhā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Saddhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ.
4 Kā ca, bhikkhave, saddhāya upanisā? ‘Dukkhan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Dukkhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, dukkhassa upanisā? ‘Jātī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Jātimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, jātiyā upanisā? ‘Bhavo’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Bhavampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, bhavassa upanisā? ‘Upādānan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Upādānampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, upādānassa upanisā? ‘Taṇhā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Taṇhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ.
5 Kā ca, bhikkhave, taṇhāya upanisā? ‘Vedanā’tissa vacanīyaṃ … pe … ‘phasso’tissa vacanīyaṃ … ‘saḷāyatanan’tissa vacanīyaṃ … ‘nāmarūpan’tissa vacanīyaṃ … ‘viññāṇan’tissa vacanīyaṃ … ‘sankhārā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Sankhārepāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanise vadāmi, no anupanise. Kā ca, bhikkhave, sankhārānaṃ upanisā? ‘Avijjā’tissa vacanīyaṃ.
6 Iti kho, bhikkhave, avijjūpanisā sankhārā, sankhārūpanisaṃ viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇūpanisaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpūpanisaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanūpaniso phasso, phassūpanisā vedanā, vedanūpanisā taṇhā, taṇhūpanisaṃ upādānaṃ, upādānūpaniso bhavo, bhavūpanisā jāti, jātūpanisaṃ dukkhaṃ, dukkhūpanisā saddhā, saddhūpanisaṃ pāmojjaṃ, pāmojjūpanisā pīti, pītūpanisā passaddhi, passaddhūpanisaṃ sukhaṃ, sukhūpaniso samādhi, samādhūpanisaṃ yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ, yathābhūtañāṇadassanūpanisā nibbidā, nibbidūpaniso virāgo, virāgūpanisā vimutti, vimuttūpanisaṃ khayeñāṇaṃ.
7 Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti. Pabbatakandarapadarasākhāparipūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti. Kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti. Mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti. Kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti. Mahānadiyo paripūrā mahāsamuddaṃ paripūrenti.
8 Evameva kho, bhikkhave, avijjūpanisā sankhārā, sankhārūpanisaṃ viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇūpanisaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpūpanisaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanūpaniso phasso, phassūpanisā vedanā, vedanūpanisā taṇhā, taṇhūpanisaṃ upādānaṃ, upādānūpaniso bhavo, bhavūpanisā jāti, jātūpanisaṃ dukkhaṃ, dukkhūpanisā saddhā, saddhūpanisaṃ pāmojjaṃ, pāmojjūpanisā pīti, pītūpanisā passaddhi, passaddhūpanisaṃ sukhaṃ, sukhūpaniso samādhi, samādhūpanisaṃ yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ, yathābhūtañāṇadassanūpanisā nibbidā, nibbidūpaniso virāgo, virāgūpanisā vimutti, vimuttūpanisaṃ khayeñāṇan"ti.
Tatiyaṃ.